If you are searching “what are the prerequisites for nursing school?” you likely have an interest in hands-on patient care. Pursuing a career in nursing is one of the most rewarding paths in healthcare, but before you can start caring for patients, you need to meet specific academic requirements. Understanding what are the prerequisites for nursing school is crucial for planning your educational journey and ensuring you’re fully prepared for the rigorous coursework ahead.
Understanding What Are the Prerequisites for Nursing School
At PrereqCourses.com, we help aspiring nurses navigate the complex landscape of prerequisite requirements and find the right courses to achieve their goals.
Why Do Nursing Schools Require Prerequisites?
Nursing education builds upon foundational knowledge in the sciences, mathematics, and social sciences. Prerequisites lay the groundwork for your success in both nursing school and future clinical practice by demonstrating that you’re academically prepared and capable of handling the challenges of a rigorous nursing curriculum. These courses teach critical skills needed for effective patient care and help nursing programs identify students who are ready for advanced healthcare training.
Essential Science Prerequisites
Anatomy and Physiology I & II
Anatomy and physiology are among the most important prerequisites for nursing school, providing essential knowledge of the human body structures and functions. These courses typically cover:
- Anatomy & Physiology I: Cell structure and function, tissues, chemistry as it relates to biological sciences, the integumentary, musculoskeletal systems, and cardiovascular and lymphatic systems
- Anatomy & Physiology II: Nervous system, endocrine system, respiratory system, digestive system, urinary system, and reproductive systems
Most programs require both courses to include laboratory components where you’ll engage in hands-on learning, including dissections and microscopic examinations.
Need help finding anatomy and physiology courses? Visit our science prerequisites guide to explore accredited programs that meet nursing school requirements.
Chemistry
General Chemistry I or Inorganic Chemistry is typically required as a 4-credit course, including lab. This course covers:
- Atomic structure and the periodic table
- Chemical bonds and molecular compounds
- Chemical reactions and equilibrium
- States of matter and solutions
- Acids and bases
Note: Organic chemistry and biochemistry typically do not satisfy this requirement, though some accelerated programs may require them.
Microbiology
An appropriate microbiology course will include bacterial metabolism, growth, and genetics; biology of viruses and fungi; control of microorganisms; host-microbe interactions; microorganisms and disease; and applied microbiology. This course is essential for understanding:
- Infectious disease processes
- Infection control practices
- Antimicrobial therapy
- The human immune system
Looking for microbiology courses? Check our microbiology course finder to locate programs in your area or online options that transfer to nursing schools.
Biology
Biology provides foundational knowledge about living organisms, covering cellular biology, genetics, evolution, and ecosystems. For nurses, biology provides a foundational understanding of how the human body functions at the cellular level and how diseases affect it.
Mathematics and Statistics Requirements
Statistics/Biostatistics
Biostatistics teaches students how to collect, analyze, and interpret health data, which is a key skill in evidence-based nursing. This course typically includes:
- Probability and confidence intervals
- Correlations and linear regression
- ANOVA and inferential statistics
- Data interpretation for healthcare applications
For specific information about statistics requirements, visit the University of Minnesota School of Nursing prerequisites page.
Need statistics course options? Our statistics prerequisites database helps you find courses that meet nursing program requirements.
Social Sciences and Liberal Arts
Psychology
Psychology coursework helps future nurses understand human behavior, mental health, and patient interactions. Common psychology prerequisites include:
- General Psychology
- Developmental Psychology (covering the entire lifespan)
- Abnormal Psychology (at some institutions)
Human Growth and Development
This developmental psychology course must cover the entire human lifespan (infancy through older adulthood, death/dying). The course examines:
- Physical, cognitive, and emotional development
- Social and cultural factors affecting development
- Aging processes and end-of-life considerations
Nutrition
Nutrition courses examine how food affects health and well-being. A comprehensive exploration of macronutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, fats) and micronutrients (vitamins, minerals), including food sources, diet analysis, and nutrition across the lifespan.
English Composition
Strong communication skills are essential for nursing practice. English composition courses focus on:
- Academic writing and research skills
- Grammar and punctuation
- Critical thinking and analysis
- Professional communication
GPA and Grade Requirements
Minimum Grade Requirements:
- Most nursing programs require prerequisites to be completed with a grade of “C” or better
- Minimum 3.0 prerequisite cumulative GPA on a 4.0 scale is typically required
Overall GPA Expectations:
- ADN programs typically look for a high school GPA between 2.5 and 2.75, while BSN programs typically require at least a 3.0
- More selective programs may require a GPA of 3.2 or higher
Time Limits and Recency Requirements
Most nursing programs have specific time limits for prerequisite completion:
- Most nursing programs require that prerequisites be completed within five years of applying
- Some courses, particularly microbiology, cannot be more than 10 years old to meet requirements
Where to Complete Prerequisites
Community Colleges
Community colleges are often the most cost-effective option for completing prerequisites. Many have transfer agreements with nursing programs at local universities, making the transition smoother.
Online Programs
Several prestigious institutions offer online prerequisite courses:
- Johns Hopkins School of Nursing: Offers comprehensive online prerequisites for health professions including all major science and liberal arts requirements
- Columbia University School of Nursing: Provides the Online Prerequisites for Entry to Nursing (OPEN) program with courses taught by Columbia faculty
Four-Year Universities
Many students complete prerequisites during their first two years at a four-year institution before declaring nursing as their major.
Program-Specific Requirements by State
Different states and regions may have varying prerequisite requirements. For example:
- California nursing programs often require specific General Education patterns
- Texas nursing schools may require TEAS exam scores in addition to prerequisites
- Florida institutions might have unique science lab requirements
Additional Admission Requirements
Beyond prerequisites, nursing programs typically require:
- Entrance Exams: TEAS (Test of Essential Academic Skills) or HESI A2
- Personal Statement: Explaining your career goals and motivation for nursing
- Letters of Recommendation: Usually from academic or healthcare professionals
- Healthcare Experience: Volunteer work or employment in healthcare settings
- Background Check and Drug Screening: Required before clinical rotations
For specific admission requirements, check programs like:
Program-Specific Variations
Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN)
ADN programs typically have fewer prerequisites than BSN programs and may be completed in 2-3 years total.
Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN)
BSN programs typically require more prerequisites than ADN programs and include additional liberal arts requirements.
Accelerated BSN Programs
For students who already hold a bachelor’s degree in another field, accelerated BSN programs may allow some prerequisites to be completed concurrently with nursing courses.
Course Planning and Sequencing
Recommended Course Sequence:
- Year 1: General Chemistry, Biology, English Composition, Psychology
- Year 2: Anatomy & Physiology I & II, Statistics, Human Development
- Year 3: Microbiology, Nutrition, complete any remaining prerequisites
Important sequencing notes:
- Complete chemistry before microbiology when possible
- Take Anatomy & Physiology I before Anatomy & Physiology II
- Consider taking statistics early as it applies to many health science courses
Cost-Effective Strategies
Budget-Friendly Options
- Start at community college for science prerequisites
- Take advantage of transfer agreements between institutions
- Consider online courses which often cost less than traditional classes
- Apply for financial aid early using FAFSA
Time-Saving Approaches
- Take summer courses to accelerate your timeline
- Enroll in accelerated formats when available
- Test out of courses using CLEP exams where accepted
- Take prerequisites concurrently with general education requirements
Tips for Success
- Plan Early: Start prerequisite planning at least 2-3 years before your intended nursing school start date
- Maintain High Grades: Aim for A’s and B’s in all prerequisite courses, especially sciences
- Take Courses in Sequence: Complete chemistry before microbiology, and anatomy before physiology when possible
- Seek Academic Support: Use tutoring services, study groups, and office hours to ensure success
- Verify Requirements: Always check with your specific nursing program for their exact requirements
Common Prerequisite Challenges and Solutions
Challenge: Low Grades in Science Courses
Solution: Retake courses if needed, seek tutoring, and consider taking fewer courses simultaneously to focus on quality over speed.
Challenge: Expired Prerequisites
Solution: Check each program’s recency requirements and plan to retake courses that have exceeded time limits.
Challenge: Transfer Credit Issues
Solution: Always verify course transferability before enrolling and keep detailed syllabi for evaluation purposes.
Regional Considerations
West Coast Requirements
California and Washington state nursing programs often emphasize cultural competency courses and may require additional diversity-focused prerequisites.
East Coast Standards
Many northeastern programs require additional writing-intensive courses and may have higher GPA thresholds.
Southern Region Patterns
Southern nursing schools frequently require specific religion or ethics courses and may have unique clinical experience expectations.
Financial Considerations
To help offset the cost, students can explore and apply for various financial aid options by submitting the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA). Many community colleges offer prerequisite courses at significantly lower costs than four-year institutions.
Next Steps After Completing Prerequisites
Once you’ve completed your prerequisites:
- Apply to nursing programs well before deadlines
- Prepare for entrance exams (TEAS or HESI A2)
- Gather application materials including transcripts and recommendation letters
- Consider backup options by applying to multiple programs
- Stay current with healthcare trends and nursing practice
Conclusion
Meeting nursing school prerequisites requires careful planning and dedication, but these foundational courses are essential for your success as a nursing student and future healthcare professional. Strong performance in anatomy, physiology, microbiology, chemistry, biology, and statistics can strengthen your application and prepare you for the rigors of nursing education.
At PrereqCourses.com, we’re committed to helping you navigate every step of your prerequisite journey. From finding the right courses to planning your timeline and managing costs, our comprehensive resources and tools are designed to support your nursing school dreams.
For the most current and specific prerequisite information, always consult directly with the nursing programs you’re interested in, as requirements can vary between institutions and may change over time. PrereqCourses.com provides general guidance and resources to support your educational planning.